February 28, 2026 · 2 min read

SPIFFE/SPIRE basics — workload identity at deploy time

Services need identity too, not just users. SPIFFE issues SVIDs (verifiable identity documents) to workloads; SPIRE is the reference issuer. The shape and the first deploy.

SPIFFESPIREWorkload IdentityZero-Trust
February 27, 2026 · 2 min read

mTLS at the proxy — Envoy + SPIRE-issued SVIDs

Pushing mTLS into a service mesh removes it from every individual service. Envoy + SPIRE is the canonical pattern; the implementation has fewer moving parts than the architecture diagrams suggest.

mTLSEnvoySPIREService Mesh
February 25, 2026 · 2 min read

GraphRAG — when a knowledge graph beats vector search

Vector search treats every chunk as independent. GraphRAG models the relationships between entities, communities, and concepts. For corpus-spanning questions ("what's the relationship between X and Y"), graph wins.

GraphRAGRAGKnowledge Graph
February 24, 2026 · 2 min read

BigQuery Knowledge Graph for entity resolution at scale

BigQuery has had a built-in knowledge graph since 2024. For entity resolution across millions of rows — the "is this John Smith the same as that John Smith" problem — it's the cheapest tool I've found.

BigQueryKnowledge GraphEntity Resolution
February 23, 2026 · 2 min read

HyDE — generate a hypothetical answer to improve retrieval

Embedding a question and embedding an answer often produce different vectors. HyDE generates a hypothetical answer to the question, embeds *that*, and retrieves on it. Retrieval quality goes up disproportionately.

RAGHyDERetrieval